In this article, I have explained the verb and kinds of the verb with examples. I have discussed the types of main verbs and types of helping verbs in detail. The verb is a very important topic for students who want to write good English.
The verb
The verb is a word that says something about the activity or action of a person or thing. It occupies the central position in a sentence because it is a word by which we say something.
Examples
- He was plucking the flower.
- Hina was singing a song.
- I am playing cricket.
In the first sentence plucking, in the second sentence singing, and in the third sentence playing is showing the action these words are called verbs.
Form of verbs
- Tensed form (finite verb)
- Non-tensed form (nonfinite verb)
A verb that carries tense is called a finite verb, whereas a verb that does not carry tense is called a non-finite verb. Tensed forms are also called the finite verb and non-tensed forms are called non-finite verbs.
Tensed forms or Finite forms
Present form Vs (3rd person singular) goes eats plays
- He eats
- She goes
- Ali plays
Present form Vo (General other) go eat play
- We go
- They eat
- You play
Past forms Ved ( Past tense ) went ate played
- I went
- He ate
- You played
Non-tensed Forms or non-finite forms
1. Infinitive ( Vi) Go eat play- I like to go to school.
- I like to eat mangos.
- we like to play cricket.
2. Present participle( Ving) Going eating playing
- I am going to school.
- you are eating a mango.
- We are playing Cricket.
3. Past participle ( Ven) Gone Eaten played
- I have gone to school.
- We have eaten a cake.
- You have played Hockey.
4. Gerund ( Gerund) Going eating playing
- Going to the park is my passion.
- Eating an apple is my hobby.
- Playing cricket is my hobby.
There are seven forms of verb three are tensed forms and four are non-tensed forms. In order to understand the verb, these forms are very important to understand.
Tensed verb forms
There are two tensed forms or finite formsLet us now explain the difference between the three tensed and three not tensed forms of the verbs.
1. The present form
There are Two present tensed forms (vs) and (vo).- He goes to school every day.
- They go to school every day.
2. The past form
Past tense form (ved) the second form of the verb is called the past tense form. In form of a regular verb, ed is added to the stem. In the case of an irregular verb, there may be simply a change in the stem vowel.- They went to school last Friday.
Non-tensed or nonfinite form
There are four non-tensed or non-finite forms.1. The infinitive form
The infinitive or base form (vi) is the same as the lexical form. The Infinitive form is used with auxiliary do or after a modal auxiliary in the verb phrase.
- I like to play cricket.
2. The present participle
The present participle (ving) is always constructed by adding ing to the stem or basic form. It actually covers two traditional forms the present participle and the gerund.
- I have been playing since morning.
3. The past participle
The past participle (ven) is used in the perfect tense and in passive voice.
- We have finished our work.
4. The Gerund
The gerund or verbal noun is like a verb in its form and as a noun in its functions.
- Playing cricket is my hobby.
Kinds of verbs
There are two major kinds of verbs
- The main verb (action verb)
- Auxiliary verb (helping verb)
1. Main verb
The main verb some time called a lexical verb. Main verbs have the distinctive property of functioning as the head of a verb phrase. The main verb is an action word that shows action in a sentence.
Types of main verb
I. Transitive verb
A verb that requires an object in a sentence is called a transitive verb. I a transitive verb the action does not stop with the doer but it transits or passes from the doer to the object.
- The peon rings the bell.
- The farmers grow carrots.
II. Intransitive verb
A verb that does not require a direct object is called an intransitive verb.
- The snake was creeping slowly.
- He writes well
- She speaks loudly.
2nd class of the main verb
The second classes of the main verb are regular verb and irregular verb.
I. Regular verb
When past form and past participle is made by adding ed is called a regular verb.Examples
- Work worked worked
- Play played played
- Dance Danced danced
I. Irregular verb
when Ed is not added in past and past participle form is called an irregular verb.- Go went gone
- eat ate eaten
- cut cut cut
2. Auxiliaries
Auxiliaries can be said to help the main verb. Each auxiliary contains one of the elements of meaning, ability, permission, possibility, obligation, necessity, intention, or prediction. The auxiliary can express the ability. May express the chance. Must express the obligation. Ought to express necessity. Will and shall express futurity and prediction respectively.
Aspectual auxiliaries encode aspect, a concept which refers to the meaning o the main verb is viewed in time. The main categories of aspects in English are progressive aspect and perfective aspect. The passive auxiliary and the dummy auxiliary in active voice and passive voice tense. The passive auxiliary Be is used in passive is called passive auxiliary. Dummy auxiliary Do is used in the active voice.
Auxiliary verbs are a closed class consisting of two subclasses, the primary auxiliary, and modal auxiliary. Auxiliary is always dependent on the main verb in a sentence. Auxiliary cannot accrue alone in a verb phrase except in the special case of ellipses.
Kinds of Auxiliaries
I. The primary auxiliary
Have, Do and Be are the examples of primary auxiliary
II. Modal auxiliary
The modal auxiliary is often referred to as modal
Will, would, can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, ought to, need, dare, are called modal auxiliaries. The modal auxiliaries are morphologically distinguished by their lack of tenseless forms.
- You may help me if you wish.
- You must comply with the regulations.
- They really ought to leave.
- We shall arrive as soon as possible.
- He will survive.
III. Aspectual Auxiliaries
Be and have are called aspectual auxiliaries.
These students are always complaining.
Ali has broken two water glasses.
IV. The passive auxiliary
(Be) is also called the passive auxiliary.- An apple is eaten by us.
- Ali was beaten by them.
V. The dummy Auxiliary
Do is called the dummy auxiliary- Do you like eating mangos?
- Does he go to school?
إرسال تعليق